Thermal Energy Storage:
How can thermal energy storage play a role in a renewable energy future?
Thermal energy storage provides a way to store excess renewable energy at scale for on-demand consumption.
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The transition to renewable energy requires large-scale energy storage due to the intermittent nature of energy generation from most renewable sources, especially solar and wind energy. Due to the costs and
material sourcing concerns associated with grid-scale lithium-ion batteries, thermal energy storage presents a potentially attractive solution. Two primary classes of thermal energy storage exist: sensible thermal energy storage, or energy stored through increasing temperature, and latent thermal energy storage, or energy stored through the latent heat associated with a phase change. Phase change materials (PCMs) with a high latent heat can store large amounts of energy over a narrow temperature range. Low-cost manufacturing of efficient PCMs could enable cheap grid-scale energy storage with minimal energy losses for applications in waste heat and solar thermal energy storage.
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